Michina yekuchera midiki ndeimwe yemhando dzemichina iri kukura nekukurumidza, uye mukurumbira wayo unoratidzika kuramba uchiwedzera. Sekureva kwedata kubva kuOff-Highway Research, kutengeswa kwemuchina wekuchera midiki pasi rose kwakasvika padanho repamusoro gore rapfuura, zvichipfuura mayuniti zviuru mazana matatu.
Pachivanhu, misika mikuru yevacheri vezvinhu zvidiki yave iri nyika dzakabudirira, dzakadai seJapan neWestern Europe, asi kufarirwa kwavo munyika dzakawanda dziri kusimukira kwakawedzera mumakore gumi apfuura. China ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa, iyo parizvino iri musika mukuru wevacheri vezvinhu zvidiki pasi rose.
Tichifunga kuti ma mini-excavator anogona kutsiva mabasa emaoko, hapana kushomeka kwevashandi munyika dzine vanhu vakawanda pasi rose. Izvi zvinogona kuva shanduko inoshamisa. Kunyangwe mamiriro ezvinhu angasave akafanana nemusika wekuChina, ndapota tarisa koramu ye "China ne ma small excavators" kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.
Chimwe chezvikonzero nei ma mini excavators achifarirwa ndechekuti zviri nyore kushandisa magetsi muchina midiki uye diki kupfuura magetsi edhiziri echinyakare. Muchiitiko ichi, kunyanya mumaguta ane hupfumi hwakabudirira, kazhinji pane mitemo yakasimba pamusoro peruzha neutsi.
Hapana kushomeka kwevagadziri veOEM vari kugadzira kana kuburitsa ma mini excavators emagetsi - kubva muna Ndira 2019, Volvo Construction Equipment Corporation (Volvo CE) yakazivisa kuti panosvika pakati pa2020, ichatanga kuburitsa ma electric compact excavators (EC15 kusvika EC27). ) Uye ma wheel loaders (L20 kusvika L28), uye yakamisa kugadzirwa kutsva kwemamodheru aya akavakirwa pamainjini edhiziri.
Imwe kambani yeOEM iri kutsvaga simba mumichina iyi iJCB, iyo ine 19C-1E miniature electric excavator yekambani. JCB 19C-1E inofambiswa nemabhatiri mana e lithium-ion, ayo anogona kupa 20kWh yekuchengetera simba. Kune vazhinji vatengi vadiki ve excavator, mabasa ese anogona kuitwa nekuchaja kamwe chete. 19C-1E pachayo imhando ine simba ine simba isina kuburitsa utsi panguva yekushandiswa uye yakanyarara kupfuura michina yakajairwa.
JCB ichangobva kutengesa mhando mbiri kuJ Coffey plant muLondon. Tim Rayner, Maneja weMabasa eCoffey Plant Department, akati: “Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti hapana utsi hunobuda panguva yekushandiswa. Pakushandisa 19C-1E, vashandi vedu havazokanganiswi neutsi hunobuda nedhiziri. Sezvo michina yekudzora utsi (yakadai semidziyo yekuburitsa nemapombi) isingachadiwi, nzvimbo dzakamanikana dzava pachena uye dzakachengeteka kushanda. Mota diki yemagetsi yeJCB inounza kukosha kubhizinesi neindasitiri yese.”
Imwe kambani yeOEM inotarisa pamagetsi ndeyeKubota. "Mumakore achangopfuura, kufarirwa kwemidziyo midiki inochera mafuta inoshandiswa nemamwe mafuta (akadai semagetsi) kwakawedzera nekukurumidza," akadaro Glen Hampson, maneja wekusimudzira mabhizinesi kuKubota UK.
"Chinhu chikuru chinotungamira izvi imidziyo yemagetsi inoita kuti vashandi vakwanise kushanda munzvimbo dzakatarwa dzine utsi hushoma. Mota iyi inogonawo kuita kuti basa riitwe munzvimbo dzakamanikana pasi pevhu pasina kuburitsa utsi hunokuvadza. Ruzha rwakaderera runoitawo kuti ive yakakodzera kuvaka mumaguta kana munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda."
Pakutanga kwegore, Kubota yakatanga chigadzirwa chidiki chekugadzira michina yemagetsi muKyoto, Japan. Hampson akawedzera kuti: “KuKubota, chinangwa chedu chicharamba chiri chekugadzira michina inosangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi - michina yekuvandudza magetsi ichaita kuti tikwanise kuzviita.”
Bobcat ichangobva kuzivisa kuti ichatanga michina mitsva yekuchera midiki ine 2-4 ton R, kusanganisira michina mitsva yekuchera midiki mishanu: E26, E27z, E27, E34 uye E35z. Kambani iyi inoti chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvemhando iyi ipfungwa yekugadzira madziro emukati me cylinder (CIB).
Miroslav Konas, Maneja weZvigadzirwa zveBobcat Excavators muEurope, Middle East neAfrica, akati: “Sisitimu yeCIB yakagadzirirwa kukunda chisungo chisina kusimba mumamini-excavators-maboom cylinders anogona kukuvadza mhando iyi yeexcavator zviri nyore. Semuenzaniso, kana uchirodha marara nezvinhu zvekuvaka nemarori Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuroverana kwedivi nedzimwe mota.
"Izvi zvinoitwa nekuisa silinda ye hydraulic muchimiro che boom chakawedzerwa, nokudaro kudzivirira kurovera pamusoro pebanga neparutivi pemotokari. Kutaura zvazviri, chimiro che boom chinogona kuchengetedza silinda ye boom ye hydraulic chero kupi."
Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi muindasitiri, hazvina kumbonyanya kukosha kuita kuti avo vanoramba vachifara vafare. Volvo CE inoti chizvarwa chitsva cheECR58 F compact excavator ine matani matanhatu ndicho chine tekisi yakakura kupfuura dzimwe dzose muindasitiri.
Nzvimbo yekushandira iri nyore uye ruzivo rwuri nyore kushandisa zvinotsigira hutano, chivimbo uye kuchengetedzeka kwemushandisi. Nzvimbo yechigaro pajoystick yakagadziridzwa uye yakagadziridzwa ichiri kusungirirwa pamwe chete - Volvo Construction Equipment yakati tekinoroji iyi yakaunzwa muindasitiri iyi.
Kabhini iyi yakagadzirwa kuti ipe mukana wepamusoro wekushandisa, ine insulation yeruzha, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuchengetera zvinhu, uye maports e12V neUSB. Mahwindo ekumberi akavhurika zvizere uye mahwindo ekumativi anotsvedza anoita kuti munhu aone zvese, uye mushandisi ane flywheel yakaita semota, chiratidziro chemavara mashanu uye menyu iri nyore kushandisa.
Kunyaradzwa kwemushandisi kwakakosha zvikuru, asi chimwe chikonzero chekufarirwa kwakapararira kwechikamu chidiki chekuchera ndiko kuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchiitwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvishandiso zvinopihwa. Semuenzaniso, Volvo Construction Equipment's ECR58 ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvishandiso zviri nyore kutsiva, zvinosanganisira mabhaketi, mabreaker, zvigunwe, uye macoupling matsva anokurumidza kutsvedza.
Paaitaura nezvekufarirwa kwevacheri vadiki, mukuru weOff-Highways Research, Chris Sleight, akasimbisa zvakabatanidzwa. Akati: “Zviri nyore, mhando dzezvishongedzo zviripo dzakakura, zvinoreva kuti [vacheri vadiki] kazhinji maturusi ePneumatic anonyanya kufarirwa kupfuura vashandi vemaoko. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti zvinobatsira kuderedza ruzha nekudengenyeka pavashandi, uye nekuti zvinogona kutamisa vashandi kubva pazvishandiso.”
JCB ndeimwe yemakambani akawanda eOEM anoda kupa vatengi sarudzo dzemagetsi dzema mini excavators
Slater akawedzerawo kuti: "MuEurope uye kunyange kuNorth America, madhiraivha madiki ari kutsiva mimwe michina. Padanho repamusoro, nzvimbo yayo diki uye kugona kwayo kusveta madhigirii 360 zvinoreva kuti ikozvino iri nani pane kurodha backhoe. Muchina uyu wava kufarirwa zvakanyanya."
Konas waBobcat akabvumirana nekukosha kwezvibatiso. Akati: “Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemabhaketi dzatinopa dzichiri “zvishandiso” zvikuru muzvikamu makumi maviri nezvishanu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvibatiso zvatinopa zvema mini excavators, asi nefoshoro yepamusoro. Nekuvandudzwa kwemabhaketi, maitiro aya ari kukura. Zvishandiso zve hydraulic zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kufarirwa. Ndokusaka takagadzira sisitimu yeA-SAC, iyo inoshandiswa nemaseketi mashanu akazvimirira ekubatsira pamuchina. Tinotenda kuti Bobcat ichave mhando yepamusoro-soro mumusika yekushandisa zvibatiso zvakaoma kudaro.
"Kubatanidza mitsetse ye hydraulic inobatsira yakaiswa paruoko netekinoroji yeA-SAC inogona kupa sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa michina kuti ienderane nechero zvinodiwa zvekuwedzera, nokudaro zvichiwedzera basa revacheri ava sevashandi vematurusi vakanaka kwazvo."
Kambani yeHitachi Construction Machinery (Europe) yakaburitsa gwaro jena nezveramangwana rebazi remidziyo midiki yeEurope. Vakaratidza kuti 70% yema mini excavators anotengeswa muEurope anorema pasi pematani matatu. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kuwana mvumo kunogona kudhonza imwe yemhando idzi patrailer ine rezinesi rekutyaira renguva dzose.
Pepa jena rinofanotaura kuti kutarisa kuri kure kuchaita basa rakakosha mumusika wemidziyo yekuvaka midiki, uye ma mini excavators chikamu chakakosha. Mushumo wacho wakati: "Kutevera nzvimbo yemidziyo midiki kwakakosha zvikuru nekuti inowanzotamiswa kubva panzvimbo imwe yemabasa kuenda kune imwe."
Saka, ruzivo rwenzvimbo nenguva dzekushanda runogona kubatsira varidzi, kunyanya makambani ekurenda, kuronga, kuvandudza mashandiro uye kuronga basa rekugadzirisa. Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza, ruzivo rwakarurama rwenzvimbo rwakakoshawo - zviri nyore kuba michina midiki pane kuchengeta mikuru, saka kuba michina midiki kwakajairika.
Vagadziri vakasiyana vanoshandisa madhiraivha avo madiki kupa makitsi akasiyana-siyana e telematics. Hapana mwero weindasitiri. Madhiraivha madiki eHitachi akabatanidzwa kune system yayo yekutarisa iri kure Global e-Service, uye data rinogona kuwanikwawo kuburikidza nemafoni.
Kunyangwe nzvimbo nenguva dzekushanda zviri zvinhu zvakakosha pakuwana ruzivo, mushumo uyu unofungidzira kuti varidzi vemidziyo yechizvarwa chinotevera vachada kuona ruzivo rwakadzama. Muridzi wacho anotarisira kuwana ruzivo rwakawanda kubva kumugadziri. Chimwe chezvikonzero ndechekuwanda kwevatengi vechidiki, vane hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji vanogona kunzwisisa nekuongorora zviri nani data kuti vavandudze kugona kwavo uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Takeuchi ichangobva kuburitsa TB257FR compact hydraulic excavator, iyo inotsiva TB153FR. Chigadzirwa chitsva ichi chave ne TB257FR compact hydraulic excavator.
Kubhururuka kweruboshwe kubva kurudyi pamwe chete nekutenderera kwemuswe kwakasimba kunoita kuti ikwanise kutenderera zvizere isina chinhu chakanyanya kurembera.
Huremu hwekushanda kweTB257FR i5840 kg (5.84 matani), kudzika kwekuchera i3.89m, daro repamusoro rekuwedzera i6.2m, uye simba rekuchera mabhaketi i36.6kN.
Basa re "boom" rekuruboshwe nerudyi rinobvumira TB257FR kuchera "offset" kuruboshwe nekuruboshwe pasina kufanira kuisa muchina panzvimbo imwe chete. Pamusoro pezvo, chimiro ichi chinoita kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvienderane nepakati pemuchina, zvichiita kuti pave nekugadzikana.
Zvinonzi chimwe chinhu chakanaka chehurongwa uhwu kugona kwebhomba kuiswa pamusoro pepakati, izvo zvinoita kuti zviite sekutenderera kwakakwana mukati mehupamhi hwenzira. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakanaka pakushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvaka dzakamanikana, kusanganisira mapurojekiti emigwagwa nemabhiriji, migwagwa yeguta uye pakati pezvivakwa.
“Takeuchi inofara kupa TB257FR kuvatengi vedu,” akadaro Toshiya Takeuchi, Mutungamiri weTakeuchi. “Kuzvipira kwaTakeuchi kutsika yedu yekuvandudza netekinoroji yepamusoro kunoratidzwa nemuchina uyu. Kubhururuka kweruboshwe nekurudyi kunobvumira kushanda kwakasiyana-siyana, uye nzvimbo yakaderera yegiravhiti uye kuiswa kwakanakisa kwecounterweight zvinogadzira puratifomu yakagadzikana zvakanyanya. Kugona kurema kwakafanana nemichina yechinyakare.
Shi Jang weOff-Highway Research akapa yambiro yekungwarira pamusika weChina nemakambani madiki ekuchera, achinyevera kuti musika unogona kunge wava kuzara. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mamwe makambani ekuChina anoda kuwedzera mugove wawo wemusika nekukurumidza aderedza mutengo wemakambani madiki ekuchera neanenge 20%. Saka, sezvo kutengesa kuchikura, purofiti iri kuderera, uye ikozvino kune michina yakawanda pamusika kupfuura kare.
Mutengo wekutengesa wemichina midiki yekuchera waderera ne20% kana tichienzanisa negore rapfuura, uye musika wevagadziri vepasi rose waderera nekuti havakwanise kuderedza mitengo zvakanyanya nekuda kwemagadzirirwo avo emakanika emhando yepamusoro. Vanoronga kuunza mimwe michina yakachipa mune ramangwana, asi ikozvino musika wazara nemichina yakachipa. "Shi Zhang akadaro."
Mitengo yakaderera yakakwezva vatengi vatsva vakawanda kuti vatenge michina, asi kana paine michina yakawanda pamusika uye basa risina kukwana, musika uchadzikira. Pasinei nekutengesa kwakanaka, purofiti yevagadziri vanotungamira yakaderedzwa nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera.
Jang akawedzera kuti mitengo yakaderera inoita kuti zviomere vatengesi kuwana purofiti, uye kudzikisa mitengo kuti vasimudzire kutengesa kunogona kukanganisa kutengeswa mune ramangwana.
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Joachim Strobel, MD Liebherr-EMtec GmbH vanotaura nezveCovid-19, kuti sei magetsi angave asiri iwo ega mhinduro, kune zvimwe zvakawanda