Nhanganyaya: Kukosha kweKuchengetedzwa kweMagetsi
Magetsi, iro simba risingaonekwe renzanga yemazuva ano, rinopa simba kudzimba dzedu, maindasitiri, uye zvinhu zvitsva. Asi, simba iri rinokosha rine njodzi dzaro, kunyanya njodzi yekuvhunduka kwemagetsi nemoto zvinobva muzvikanganiso. Zvishandiso zveMazuva Anosara (RCDs) zvinomira sevarindi vakakosha pakurwisa njodzi idzi, zvichikurumidza kubvisa simba remagetsi kana zvikaona mafungu ane njodzi achiyerera achienda panyika. Kunyange zvazvo maRCD akasimbiswa akabatanidzwa mumayuniti evatengi achipa dziviriro yakakosha kumasekete ese, Socket-Outlet Residual Current Devices (SRCDs) anopa chengetedzo yakasiyana, inochinjika, uye yakanangwa zvakanyanya. Chinyorwa ichi chakakwana chinotarisa munyika yeSRCDs, ichiongorora mashandiro avo ehunyanzvi, mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, mashandiro akakosha, uye zvakanakira zvigadzirwa zvinovaita zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekusimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.

1. Kujekesa SRCD: Tsanangudzo uye Pfungwa Huru
SRCD imhando chaiyo yeRCD yakabatanidzwa zvakananga mu socket-outlet (receptacle). Inobatanidza mashandiro e socket yemagetsi yakajairika nedziviriro inoponesa hupenyu yeRCD mukati meyuniti imwe chete, inongozvigadzirisa yega. Kusiyana nemaRCD akasimba anodzivirira maseketi ese ari pasi peyuniti yevatengi, SRCD inopa dziviriro yenzvimbo.cheteyemidziyo yakabatanidzwa zvakananga mairi. Funga nezvayo sechidziviriro chekuchengetedza chakagadzirirwa soketi imwe chete iyoyo.

Nheyo huru iri shure kwemaRCD ese, kusanganisira maSRCD, ndeyeKirchhoff's Current Law: magetsi anoyerera mudunhu anofanira kuenzana nemagetsi anobuda. Mumamiriro ezvinhu enguva dzose ekushanda, magetsi ari mumhepo (phase) conductor uye neutral conductor zvakaenzana uye zvinopesana. Zvisinei, kana paine zvikanganiso - zvakaita sekuputira tambo yakakuvara, munhu akabata chikamu chiri mhenyu, kana kupinda kwemvura - mamwe magetsi anogona kuwana nzira isina kurongerwa kuenda kuvhu. Kusawirirana uku kunonzi residual current kana earth leakage current.

2. Mashandiro anoita SRCDs: Nzira yekuona nekugumbura
Chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti SRCD ishande itransformer (CT), inowanzova chinhu chakaita sedenderedzwa (chemhete) chakakomberedza maconductor ari mupenyu uye asina kusimba anopa socket-outlet.

1. Kuramba Uchitarisa: CT inogara ichitarisa huwandu hwemafungu emvura ari kuyerera mumakondirakita ari mupenyu uye asina kusimba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, asina kukanganisa, mafungu aya akaenzana uye akatarisana, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemagineti kwe zero mukati meCT core.
2. Kuona Kushanda Kwemagetsi Kwasara: Kana paine dambudziko rinokonzera kuti magetsi adonhe pasi (semuenzaniso, kuburikidza nemunhu kana mudziyo une dambudziko), magetsi anodzoka kuburikidza neconductor isina kusimba achava mashoma pane magetsi anopinda kuburikidza neconductor iri mhenyu. Kusawirirana uku kunogadzira magnetic flux mu CT core.
3. Kugadzira Zviratidzo: Kuchinja kwesimba remagineti kunokonzera voltage mumhepo yechipiri yakatenderedzwa nepakati peCT. Voltage iyi inokonzerwa inoenderana nehukuru hwemagetsi akasara.
4. Kugadziriswa Kwemagetsi: Chiratidzo chinokonzerwa chinoiswa mumagetsi anonzwisisika ari mukati meSRCD.
5. Sarudzo yerwendo & Kushanda: Maelectronics anoenzanisa mwero wemagetsi wakawanikwa uchienzanisa nechiyero cheSRCD che sensitivity threshold (semuenzaniso, 10mA, 30mA, 300mA). Kana simba remagetsi rapfuura chiyero ichi, circuitry inotumira chiratidzo kune electromagnetic relay inoshanda nekukurumidza kana solid-state switch.
6. Kudzima Simba: Relay/switch inovhura ipapo ipapo contacts dzinopa ma live ne neutral conductors ku socket-outlet, zvichibvisa simba mukati mema milliseconds (kazhinji pasi pe 40ms ye 30mA devices pa rated residual current). Kudzima uku nekukurumidza kunodzivirira kurohwa nemagetsi kunogona kuuraya kana kumisa moto uri kukura unokonzerwa nema leaking currents anoramba achipfuura nepakati pezvinhu zvinobvira moto.
7. Dzorerazve: Kana dambudziko rapera, SRCD inogona kudzoserwazve nemaoko uchishandisa bhatani riri pafaceplate yayo, zvichidzosa simba pasoketi.

3. Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinoshanda zveSRCD dzemazuva ano
MaSRCD emazuva ano ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaoma kupfuura kuona kwazvino kwasara:

• Kunzwa (IΔn): Iyi ndiyo ratio yekushanda kwemagetsi inosara, iyo SRCD yakagadzirirwa kugumburwa nayo. Kunzwa kwakajairika kunosanganisira:
  • Kunzwa Kwepamusoro (≤ 30mA): Kunyanya kudzivirira kubva pakuvhunduka kwemagetsi. 30mA ndiyo nzira yekudzivirira munhu. Mhando dze10mA dzinopa dziviriro yakawedzerwa, inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzekurapa kana munzvimbo dzine njodzi huru.
  • Kunzwa Kwepakati (semuenzaniso, 100mA, 300mA): Kunonyanya kushandiswa kudzivirira njodzi dzemoto dzinokonzerwa nekubuda kwemvura isingaperi, inowanzoshandiswa kana paine kudonha kwakanyanya kwemvura kumashure (semuenzaniso, mimwe michina yemaindasitiri, michina yekare). Inogona kuchengetedza kuvhunduka.
• Rudzi rweKuona Mhosva Pari Zvino: MaSRCD akagadzirwa kuti apindure kumarudzi akasiyana emasaririra emvura:
  • Rudzi rweAC: Inoona ma "currents" anochinjana e "sinusoidal residual" chete. Anonyanya kushandiswa uye asingadhuri, akakodzera kutakura zvinhu zvinodzivirira simba, zvinokwanisa kushanda, uye zvinosimudzira simba zvisina zvikamu zvemagetsi.
  • Rudzi A: Inoona ma AC akasara ese ari maviriuyeMapombi emagetsi eDC anoramba aripo (semuenzaniso, kubva mumidziyo ine kugadziriswa kwemafungu ehafu senge mamwe maturusi emagetsi, madhimmer emwenje, michina yekuwachisa). Zvakakosha munzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzine michina yemagetsi. Zviri kuramba zvichiva zvakajairika.
  • Rudzi F: Yakagadzirirwa maseketi anopa madhiraivha anochinja-chinja emagetsi (inverters) anowanikwa mumidziyo yakaita semichina yekuwachisa, maair conditioner, uye maturusi emagetsi. Inopa dziviriro yakawedzerwa kumatambudziko anokonzerwa nekudonha kwemvura kunokonzerwa nemadhiraivha aya.
  • Rudzi B: Inoona AC, DC inorova,uyemagetsi eDC akatsetseka (semuenzaniso, kubva kumaPV inverters, maEV chargers, masisitimu makuru eUPS). Anonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri kana mumabhizinesi akasarudzika.
• Nguva Yokudonha: Nguva yepamusoro pakati pesimba remagetsi rinodarika IΔn uye kubviswa kwesimba. Inotongwa nezvinodiwa (semuenzaniso, IEC 62640). Kune 30mA SRCDs, izvi zvinowanzova ≤ 40ms paIΔn uye ≤ 300ms pa5xIΔn (150mA).
• Rated Current (In): Iyo yakanyanya kuenderera mberi current iyo SRCD socket inogona kupa zvakachengeteka (semuenzaniso, 13A, 16A).
• Dziviriro yeMagetsi Akawandisa (Isingasarudzwe asi Yakajairika): MaSRCD mazhinji anosanganisira dziviriro yemagetsi akawandisa, kazhinji fuse (semuenzaniso, fuse ye13A BS 1362 mumaplugs eUK) kana dzimwe nguva miniature circuit breaker (MCB), inodzivirira socket nemudziyo wakavharirwa kubva pakuwanda uye ma short-circuit currents.Chinokosha ndechekuti, fuse iyi inodzivirira SRCD circuit pachayo; SRCD haitsivi kudiwa kwemaMCB ekumusoro muyuniti yevatengi.
• Mashutter Anodzivirira Kuvhiringika (TRS): Zvinosungirwa munzvimbo dzakawanda, mashutter aya ane chitubu anovhara mukana wekupinda mumagetsi kunze kwekunge mapini ese ari maviri epuragi akaiswa panguva imwe chete, zvichideredza zvakanyanya njodzi yekuvhundutswa nemagetsi, kunyanya kuvana.
• Bhatani rekuyedza: Chinhu chinodiwa chinobvumira vashandisi kutevedzera kukanganisa kwemagetsi nguva nenguva uye kuona kuti nzira yekugumburwa inoshanda. Inofanira kudzvanywa nguva nenguva (semuenzaniso, pamwedzi).
• Chiratidzo Cherwendo: Zviratidzo zvinoonekwa (zvinowanzova bhatani rine ruvara kana mureza) zvinoratidza kana SRCD iri mu "ON" (magetsi aripo), "OFF" (yakadzima nemaoko), kana kuti "Tripped" (yakaonekwa kuti yakanganisa).
• Kugara Kwemagetsi Nemagetsi: Yakagadzirwa kuti igare kwenguva yakatarwa yekushanda kwemakanika (kuiswa/kubviswa kwemapulagi) uye kushanda kwemagetsi (kutenderera kwekugumburwa) zvichienderana nezvinodiwa (semuenzaniso, IEC 62640 inoda kushanda kwemakanika ≥ 10,000).
• Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza (IP Ratings): Kunowanikwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zveIP (Ingress Protection) munzvimbo dzakasiyana (semuenzaniso, IP44 yekudzivirira kupararira kwemvura mumakicheni/mudzimba dzekugezera, IP66/67 yekushandiswa panze/mumaindasitiri).

4. Mashandisirwo Akasiyana-siyana eSRCDs: Dziviriro Yakanangwa Painodiwa
Hunhu hwakasiyana hweSRCDs hunoita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvandudza kuchengetedzeka mumamiriro ezvinhu asingaverengeki:

• Magadzirirwo edzimba:
  • Nzvimbo Dzine Ngozi Dzakanyanya: Kupa dziviriro yakakosha mudzimba dzekugezera, makicheni, magaraji, maworkshop, uye masoketi ekunze (magadheni, mapatio) uko njodzi yekubatwa nemagetsi inowedzera nekuda kwekuvapo kwemvura, pasi rinofambisa mvura, kana kushandiswa kwemidziyo inotakurika. Zvakakosha kana maRCD emutengi mukuru asina, asina kunaka, kana kuti achingopa dziviriro yekuchengetedza (S Type).
  • Kugadzirisazve Kuisa Kwekare: Kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka mudzimba pasina dziviriro yeRCD kana uko kunongova nechikamu chekuvhara, pasina muripo uye kukanganisa kwekubatanidza waya kana kutsiva mayuniti evatengi.
  • Dziviriro Yemidziyo Yakananga: Kuchengetedza midziyo ine njodzi huru kana inokosha senge maturusi emagetsi, michina yekucheka uswa, michina yekuwachisa, mahita anotakurika, kana mapombi emvura yemugungwa zvakananga panzvimbo yekushandisa.
  • Zvinodiwa Zvenguva Pfupi: Kupa kuchengetedzeka kwemidziyo inoshandiswa panguva yekugadzirisa kana mapurojekiti eDIY.
  • Kuchengetedzwa Kwevana: Mashuti eTRS pamwe chete neRCD anodzivirira anopa kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kwekuchengetedzwa mudzimba dzine vana vadiki.
• Nzvimbo dzeMabhizinesi:
  • Mahofisi: Kuchengetedza michina yeIT inobatwa-batwa, maheater anotakurika, makettle, uye macleaners, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina maRCD akasimbiswa kana uko kukanganiswa kweRCD huru kwaizokanganisa zvakanyanya.
  • Kutengeserana & Kugamuchira Vaenzi: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti michina yekuratidzira zvinhu, midziyo yekubikira inotakurika (food warmer), midziyo yekuchenesa, uye mwenje/midziyo yekunze yakachengeteka.
  • Hutano (Hahuna Kukosha): Kupa dziviriro mumakiriniki, kuvhiyiwa kwemazino (nzvimbo dzisiri dzeIT), makamuri ekumirira, uye nzvimbo dzekutarisira michina yakajairika.Cherechedza: Masisitimu eIT ekurapa mumitambo yekushanda anoda ma transformer ane hunyanzvi, kwete ma RCD/SRCD akajairwa).
  • Nzvimbo dzeDzidzo: Dzinokosha mumakirasi, mumarabhoritari (kunyanya pamidziyo inotakurika), mumaworkshop, uye mumaIT suites ekudzivirira vadzidzi nevashandi. TRS inokosha pano.
  • Nzvimbo dzekuzorora: Kuchengetedza michina munzvimbo dzekurovedza muviri, nzvimbo dzedziva rekushambira (dzine IP-rated yakakodzera), uye dzimba dzekuchinjira.
• Nzvimbo dzeMaindasitiri neKuvaka:
  • Kuvaka & Kuputsa: Kukosha kukuru. Kuisa maturusi anotakurika, shongwe dzemwenje, majenareta, uye mahofisi enzvimbo munzvimbo dzakaoma, dzakanyorova, uye dzinogara dzichichinja uko kukuvara kwetambo kwakajairika. MaSRCD anotakurika kana ayo akabatanidzwa mumabhodhi ekuparadzira anoponesa hupenyu.
  • Mashopu & Kugadzirisa: Kuchengetedza maturusi anotakurika, michina yekuyedza, uye michina munzvimbo dzekugadzirisa mafekitori kana mashopu madiki.
  • Kuiswa Kwenguva Pfupi: Zviitiko, kuratidzwa, mafirimu - chero kupi zvako kunodiwa simba renguva pfupi munzvimbo dzine njodzi.
  • Dziviriro Yekuchengetedza: Kupa imwe nhanho yekuchengetedzwa kubva kuRCDs dzakagadziriswa, kunyanya kune michina inokosha inotakurika.
• Zvikumbiro Zvakakosha:
  • Magwa emugungwa nemaCaravan: Anokosha pakudzivirira muzvikepe, mayacht, uye macaravan/RV uko masisitimu emagetsi anoshanda ari pedyo nemvura uye ma conductive hulls/chassis.
  • Nzvimbo dzeData (Midziyo yePeripheral): Mamonita anodzivirira, zvishandiso zvekuwedzera, kana michina yenguva pfupi yakabatanidzwa pedyo nemaseva.
  • Kuisa Simba Rinodzokororwa (Rinotakurika): Kuchengetedza michina inotakurika inoshandiswa panguva yekuisa kana kugadzirisa ma solar panels kana ma turbine madiki emhepo.

5. Mabhenefiti Anoshamisa eSRCDs
MaSRCD anopa mabhenefiti akasiyana anosimbisa basa rawo muzvirongwa zvemazuva ano zvekuchengetedza magetsi:

1. Dziviriro Yakanangana Nenzvimbo: Chinhu chikuru chakanakira. Dziviriro yeRCDcheteyemudziyo wakabatanidzwa mauri. Kukanganisa kwemudziyo mumwe chete kunogumbura SRCD iyoyo, zvichisiya mamwe maseketi nemidziyo zvisina kukanganiswa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kurasikirwa kwemagetsi zvisina basa uye zvinokanganisa mudunhu rese kana chivako - dambudziko guru nemaRCD akagadziriswa ("kugumburwa").
2. Kugadzirisa Nyore Uye Kuchinjika: Kuisa kwacho kuri nyore sekupinza SRCD mu socket-outlet iripo. Hapana chikonzero chevashandi vemagetsi vane hunyanzvi (munzvimbo zhinji dzemhando dzeplug-in), kuchinja kwakaoma kwewaya, kana kugadzirisa mayuniti evatengi. Izvi zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kuchengetedzeka kuve nyore uye kusingadhuri, kunyanya muzvivakwa zvekare.
3. Kutakurwa: Ma SRCD ekubatanidza anogona kutamiswa zviri nyore kuenda chero kwaunoda dziviriro. Atore kubva kubasa regaraji kuenda kubindu, kana kubva pabasa rekuvaka kuenda kune rimwe.
4. Kushanda Nemutengo Wakanaka (Pakushandisa Kwese): Kunyange zvazvo mutengo weyuniti yeSRCD wakakwira kupfuura soketi yakajairwa, wakaderera zvakanyanya pane mutengo wekuisa circuit itsva yeRCD yakagadziriswa kana kusimudzira yuniti yevatengi, kunyanya kana dziviriro ichingodiwa panzvimbo shoma dzakatarwa.
5. Kuchengetedzwa Kwakawedzerwa Kwenzvimbo Dzine Njodzi Yakanyanya: Kunopa dziviriro yakakosha panzvimbo chaipo penjodzi yakanyanya (dzimba dzekugezera, makicheni, panze, maworkshop), kuwedzera kana kutsiva maRCD akasimba angave asingavhare nzvimbo idzi imwe neimwe.
6. Kutevedzera Maitiro Emazuva Ano: Kunobatsira kuzadzisa mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza magetsi (semuenzaniso, IEC 60364, mitemo yenyika yekubatanidza waya yakaita seBS 7671 muUK, NEC muUS ine mareceipts eGFCI akafanana) ayo anorayira kuchengetedzwa kweRCD kune masokisi nenzvimbo dzakatarwa, kunyanya muzvivakwa zvitsva nekuvandudzwa. MaSRCD anozivikanwa zvakajeka mumitemo yakaita seIEC 62640.
7. Kusimbiswa Kwakanaka Kwemushandisi: Bhatani rekuyedza rakabatanidzwa rinobvumira vashandisi vasiri vehunyanzvi kuti vasimbise zviri nyore uye nguva dzose kuti basa rekudzivirira remuchina riri kushanda.
8. Mashutter Anodzivirira Kutambisa (TRS): Kuchengetedzwa kwemwana kwakabatana chinhu chakajairika, chinoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekuvhunduka kubva pazvinhu zviri kuiswa musoketi.
9. Kunzwa Kwemuchina: Inobvumira kusarudza kunzwisisika kwakakodzera (semuenzaniso, 10mA, 30mA, Type A, F) yemudziyo chaiwo uri kuchengetedzwa.
10. Kudzikira Kwekukuvadzwa Kwezvinhu Zvinonetsa: Nekuti vanongotarisa kubuda kwemvura kwemudziyo mumwe chete, kazhinji havanyanyi kukanganiswa nekubuda kwemvura kumashure kwemidziyo yakawanda padunhu rakachengetedzwa neRCD imwe chete.
11. Kuchengetedzwa Kwemagetsi Kwenguva Pfupi: Mhinduro yakanaka yekuona kuchengetedzeka pakushandisa mawaya ekuwedzera kana majenareta emagetsi kwenguva pfupi panodiwa magetsi panzvimbo kana zviitiko.

6. SRCDs vs. Fixed RCDs: Mabasa Ekuwedzera
Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti maSRCD haasi ekutsiva maRCD akagadziriswa muyuniti yevatengi, asi mhinduro inopindirana:

• MaRCD Akagadziriswa (muConsumer Unit):
  • Dzivirira macircuit ese (masoketi akawanda, mwenje).
  • Zvinoda kuiswa kwehunyanzvi.
  • Dziviriro huru yekubatanidza waya nemidziyo yakagadzika.
  • Kukanganisa kumwe chete kunogona kubvisa magetsi kune ma socket/midziyo yakawanda.
• SRCDs:
  • Chengetedza mudziyo mumwe chete wakabatanidzwa mauri.
  • Kuisa plug-in kuri nyore (mhando dzinotakurika).
  • Dziviriro chaiyo kune nzvimbo dzine njodzi huru nemidziyo inotakurika.
  • Chikanganiso chinongobvisa chete mudziyo une dambudziko.
  • Inopa nyore kutakurwa uye kugadzirisa zvinhu.

Nzira yakasimba kwazvo yekuchengetedza magetsi inowanzoshandisa musanganiswa: maRCD asina kugadziriswa anopa dziviriro yedanho redunhu (zvichida seRCBOs yekusarudza dunhu rega rega) anowedzerwa nemaSRCD panzvimbo dzine njodzi huru kana yemidziyo chaiyo inotakurika. Maitiro aya anoderedza njodzi nekukanganiswa.

7. Mitemo neMitemo: Kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka
Kugadzirwa, kuyedzwa, uye mashandiro eSRCDs zvinotongwa nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose nezvenyika. Chiyero chikuru ndeichi:

• IEC 62640:Midziyo yemagetsi yasara ine kana isina dziviriro yemagetsi akawandisa emasokisi (SRCDs).Mutemo uyu unotsanangura zvinodiwa chaizvo zveSRCDs, zvinosanganisira:
  • Zvinodiwa pakuvaka
  • Hunhu hwekushanda (kunzwa, nguva dzekugumburwa)
  • Maitiro ekuyedza (makanika, emagetsi, ezvakatipoteredza)
  • Kumaka uye magwaro

MaSRCD anofanirwawo kutevedzera mitemo yakakodzera yemasocket-outlets (semuenzaniso, BS 1363 muUK, AS/NZS 3112 muAustralia/NZ, NEMA configurations muUS) uye mitemo yeRCD (semuenzaniso, IEC 61008, IEC 61009). Kutevedzera mitemo kunoita kuti mudziyo usvike padanho rekuchengetedza uye rekushanda. Tsvaga zviratidzo zvechitupa kubva kumasangano anozivikanwa (semuenzaniso, CE, UKCA, UL, ETL, CSA, SAA).

Mhedziso: Chikamu Chinokosha Mukuchengetedzwa Kwemhepo
Zvishandiso zveMagetsi Zvinosara zveSocket-Outlet zvinomiririra shanduko ine simba uye inoshanda muhunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza magetsi. Nekubatanidza kuona maresultial current zvakananga mu socket-outlet inowanikwa nevanhu vose, maSRCD anopa dziviriro yakanangana, inochinjika, uye iri nyore kushandisa kubva panjodzi dziripo dzemagetsi nemoto. Zvakanakira zvavo - dziviriro yemuno inobvisa mafambiro emagetsi anovhiringidza, kugadzirisa zvinhu zviri nyore, kutakurwa, kushanda zvakanaka kwenzvimbo dzakatarwa, uye kutevedzera mitemo yemazuva ano yekuchengetedza - zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha munzvimbo dzekugara, dzebhizinesi, dzemaindasitiri, uye dzehunyanzvi.

Kungave kuvandudza imba yekare isina maRCD, kuchengetedza maturusi emagetsi panzvimbo yekuvaka, kuchengetedza pombi yedziva remubindu, kana kungowedzera imwe nhanho yekuchengetedza imba yekurara yemwana, SRCD inomira semuchengeti akangwarira. Inopa simba kune vashandisi kutora kutonga kwakananga kwekuchengetedzwa kwavo kwemagetsi panguva yekushandisa. Sezvo masisitimu emagetsi achiwedzera kuoma uye mitemo yekuchengetedza ichiramba ichichinja, SRCD icharamba iri tekinoroji huru, ichivimbisa kuti kuwana magetsi hakuuye nekurasikirwa nekuchengetedzeka. Kuisa mari muSRCDs kudyara mari mukudzivirira njodzi nekudzivirira zvinonyanya kukosha.