Sekambani inonyanya kumiririrwa muWenzhou, YUANKY ine nhoroondo refu yekuvandudzwa uye ine maindasitiri akawanda. Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvinokwikwidzana zvikuru pamusika, zvakaita seMCB.

MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker, small circuit breaker) ndeimwe yemidziyo yekudzivirira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumasisitimu ekugovera ane voltage shoma. Nezvakanakira zvakaita sehukuru hudiki, kushanda kuri nyore uye dziviriro chaiyo, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumitsetse yekugovera yezvivakwa zvemaindasitiri, zvemabhizinesi nezvivakwa zvevanhu, ichiita mabasa makuru akadai sekuwedzeredza macircuit uye dziviriro yeshort-circuit. Izvi zvinotevera ongororo yakadzama yemabasa ayo kubva muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semabasa makuru, hunhu hwehunyanzvi, uye maficha ekushandisa.

I. Basa reKudzivirira Pakati: Iva nechokwadi chekuti dunhu rinoshanda zvakachengeteka

Kukosha kukuru kweMCB kuri mukuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi nemidziyo yemagetsi. Basa rayo rekudzivirira rinonyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakarongeka dzekuita, kunyanya kusanganisira mhando mbiri dzinotevera dzekudzivirira kwepakati:

1. Basa rekudzivirira zvinhu zvakawandisa

Kana dunhu richishanda zvakanaka, magetsi ari mukati mehuwandu hwakatarwa. Zvisinei, kana paine michina yemagetsi yakawandisa kana dunhu rikanyanya kuwanda kwenguva yakareba, magetsi ari mumutsara achapfuura kukosha kwakatarwa, zvichiita kuti waya dzipise. Kana akanyanya kuwanda kwenguva yakareba, anogona kukonzera kukwegura kwe insulation, ma short circuit uye kunyange moto. Kudzivirirwa kwe overload kweMCB kunowanikwa kuburikidza ne bimetallic strip thermal trip device: kana magetsi adarika kukosha kwakatarwa, bimetallic strip inokotama uye inoshanduka nekuda kwekupisa kunogadzirwa nemagetsi, zvichiita kuti trip mechanism ishande, zvichiita kuti circuit breaker contacts dzivhurike uye dzicheke dunhu.

Dziviriro yayo yekudzvinyirirwa zvakanyanya ine hunhu hwenguva inochinja-chinja, kureva kuti, kana simba remagetsi richikura, nguva yekushanda ipfupi. Semuenzaniso, kana simba remagetsi riri ka1.3 kupfuura simba remagetsi rakarongwa, nguva yekushanda inogona kugara kwemaawa akati wandei. Kana simba remagetsi rasvika katanhatu pane simba remagetsi rakarongwa, nguva yekushanda inogona kupfupikiswa kusvika mukati memasekonzi mashoma. Izvi hazvingodziviriri kugumburwa kusingakoshi kunokonzerwa nekudzvinyirirwa kudiki kwenguva pfupi asiwo zvinokurumidza kudzima circuit kana paine kudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti pave nedziviriro inochinjika uye yakavimbika.

2. Basa rekudzivirira remasekonzi mapfupi

Short circuit ndeimwe yezvikanganiso zvine njodzi mumasekete, zvinowanzo kukonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwewaya dzinodzivirira kupisa kana zvikanganiso zvemukati memidziyo. Panguva ino, magetsi anokwira nekukurumidza (zvichida kusvika makumi kana kunyange mazana enguva yemagetsi yakayerwa), uye simba guru remagetsi nekupisa zvinogadzirwa zvinogona kupisa waya nemidziyo ipapo ipapo, uye kutokonzera moto kana tsaona dzemagetsi. Kudzivirirwa kwe short-circuit yeMCB kunowanikwa kuburikidza ne electromagnetic trip device: kana short-circuit current inopfuura nepakati pe coil ye electromagnetic trip device, simba rakasimba re electromagnetic rinogadzirwa, richikwezva armature kuti irove trip mechanism, zvichiita kuti contacts dzivhurike nekukurumidza uye dzigure circuit.

Nguva yekudzivirira ma "short-circuit" ipfupi zvikuru, kazhinji mukati memasekonzi 0.1. Inogona kukurumidza kuparadzanisa nzvimbo yekukanganisa isati yawedzera, zvichideredza kukuvara kwe "short-circuit" kune tambo nemidziyo, uye kudzivirira kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu nepfuma.

Ii. Zvimiro zveUnyanzvi: Zvakanyatsojeka, zvakagadzikana uye zvakavimbika

1. Kunyatsorongeka kwekufamba

Mashandiro ekudzivirira eMCB akagadzirwa uye akagadziriswa zvakasimba kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro acho akarurama mukati mehuwandu hwacho hwemagetsi hwakatarwa. Hunhu hwemazuva ano hwekudzivirira kwayo overload (sekusashanda ne1.05 times yemagetsi akatarwa uye kushanda mukati menguva yakabvumiranwa ne1.3 times yemagetsi akatarwa) uye hushoma hwemagetsi ekudzivirira mapfupi (kazhinji ka5 kusvika ku10 times yemagetsi akatarwa) zvese zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pasi rose (senge IEC 60898) uye zviyero zvenyika (senge GB 10963). Munguva yekugadzira, MCB yega yega inofanirwa kuongororwa zvakasimba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kukanganisa kwenguva yekushanda pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emagetsi kunodzorwa mukati mehuwandu hunobvumidzwa, kudzivirira "kukundikana kushanda" (kusagumburwa panguva yezvikanganiso) kana "kushanda kwenhema" (kugumburwa panguva yekushanda kwakajairika).

2. Nguva refu yekushanda kwemakanika uye magetsi

MCB inofanira kugara ichitsungirira kushanda kwekuvhara nekuvhura pamwe nekukanganiswa kwemagetsi, nokudaro iine zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvehupenyu hwemagetsi nemagetsi. Hupenyu hwemagetsi hunoreva huwandu hwenguva iyo circuit breaker inoshanda isina magetsi. Hupenyu hwemagetsi hweMCB yepamusoro hunogona kusvika kanopfuura 10,000. Hupenyu hwemagetsi hunoreva huwandu hwenguva yainoshanda pasi pemutoro pamagetsi akayerwa, kazhinji kasingasviki 2,000. Zvikamu zvayo zvemukati (zvakaita sekubatana, michina inogumburwa, uye masprings) zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvine simba guru (zvakaita sekubatana kwesirivha nemidziyo yesimbi inofambisa phosphor bronze), uye kuburikidza nenzira dzakanyatsogadzirwa uye dzekurapa kupisa, kudzivirira kwavo kupfeka, kuramba ngura, uye kuramba kuneta zvinowedzerwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinoshanda zvakanaka kunyangwe mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu.

3. Kugona kuputsa kwacho kunogadziriswa kuti kuenderane nezvinodiwa panzvimbo yacho

Kugona kutyora zvinoreva kukosha kukuru kwemagetsi e-short-circuit uko MCB inogona kutyora zvakachengeteka pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akatarwa, uye ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chekuyera kugona kwayo kudzivirira magetsi e-short-circuit. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushandisa, kugona kutyora kweMCB kunogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, zvakaita se:

Muzviitiko zvevagari vemo, MCBS ine kugona kuputsa kwe6kA kana 10kA ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa, iyo inogona kugadzirisa zvikanganiso zve short-circuit mudzimba kana munzvimbo diki dzemabhizinesi.

Muzviitiko zvemaindasitiri, MCBS dzine kugona kukuru kwekuputsa magetsi (senge 15kA ne25kA) dzinofanirwa kuchinjika munzvimbo dzine michina yakawanda uye mafungu makuru emagetsi mapfupi.

Kugona kuputsa simba kunoenderana nehurongwa hwekudzima arc hwakagadziriswa (senge grid arc extinguishing chamber). Munguva yekuputsa short-circuit, arc inokurumidza kuiswa mu arc extinguishing chamber, uye arc inokamurwa kuita ma short arc akawanda kuburikidza nema metal grids, zvichideredza arc voltage uye nekukurumidza kudzima arc kudzivirira kukuvara kwemukati me circuit breaker nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya kwe arc.

III. Hunhu hweMaumbirwo uye Mashandiro: Kuderedza kuomesa uye nyore kushandisa

Yakaenzana muhukuru uye iri nyore kuisa

MCB inoshandisa dhizaini yemodular, diki muhukuru (kazhinji ine mamodule akajairwa akadai se18mm kana 36mm muhupamhi), uye inogona kuiswa zvakananga pamaraidhi emabhokisi akajairwa ekugovera kana makabati ekugovera, zvichichengetedza nzvimbo yekuisa. Chimiro chayo chidiki chinogonesa kuchengetedzwa kwakazvimirira kwemasekete akawanda mukati menzvimbo yakaganhurirwa yekugovera magetsi. Semuenzaniso, mubhokisi rekugovera repamba, maMCBS akawanda anogona kushandiswa kudzora masekete akasiyana akadai semwenje, masoketi, uye maair conditioner zvakateerana, zvichiita kuti dziviriro nekutonga zvakasiyana, izvo zviri nyore kuona zvikanganiso uye kudzora kushandiswa kwesimba.

2. Zviri nyore kushandisa uye zviri nyore kuchengetedza

Maitiro ekushanda kweMCB akagadzirwa semunhu. Kushanda kwekuvhara ("ON "position) nekuvhura ("OFF" position) kunowanikwa kuburikidza nemubato. Mamiriro emubato anoonekwa zvakajeka, zvichibvumira kutonga kwakajeka kwemamiriro ekushanda kwedunhu. Mushure mekukanganisa kweTRIP, mubato uchava panzvimbo yepakati ("TRIP "position), zvichibatsira vashandisi kukurumidza kuona dunhu risina kunaka. Paunogadzirisa patsva, ingo fambisa mubato kunzvimbo ye "OFF" wobva wasundira kunzvimbo ye "ON". Hapana zvishandiso zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa uye mashandiro acho ari nyore. Mukugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva, MCB haidi kugadzirisa kana kuongorora kwakaoma. Inongoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chitarisiko chayo chakasimba uye mashandiro acho akatsetseka, zvichikonzera mari shoma yekugadzirisa.

3. Kushanda kwakanaka kwazvo kwekudzivirira kupisa

Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti magetsi akachengeteka, casing uye zvikamu zvemukati zveMCB zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa zvine simba guru uye zvinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya (senge mapurasitiki ethermosetting uye ABS inodzivirira moto), ine simba rekudzivirira kupisa re ≥100MΩ, inokwanisa kutsungirira bvunzo ye 2500V AC voltage inodzivirira (hapana kuputsika kana kupenya mukati meminiti imwe chete). Inogona kuramba ichiita zvakanaka mukudzivirira kupisa munzvimbo dzakaoma dzakadai sehunyoro neguruva, kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura kana kuti mapfupi echikamu chimwe nechimwe, uye kuona kuti vashandisi nemidziyo vakachengeteka.

Iv. Mabasa Akawedzerwa uye Kuchinjika: Kuzadzisa Zvinodiwa Zvakasiyana-siyana

1. Siyanisa mhando dzakatorwa

Pamusoro pekudzivirira zvakanyanya uye kupfupisa mafambiro emagetsi, MCB inogonawo kusangana nezvinodiwa nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nekuwedzera mashandiro. Mhando dzinowanikwa dzinosanganisira:

- MCB ine dziviriro yekubuda kwemvura (RCBO): Inobatanidza module yekuona kubuda kwemvura zvichibva paMCB yenguva dzose. Kana kubuda kwemvura kwaitika mudunhu (simba remagetsi rinodarika 30mA), rinogona kukurumidza kudonha kudzivirira tsaona dzemagetsi uye rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudzimba.

- MCB ine dziviriro ye overvoltage/undervoltage: Inozvikanganisa yoga kana grid voltage yakakwira zvakanyanya kana kuti yakaderera zvakanyanya kudzivirira midziyo inobatwa nenjodzi yakaita sefiriji nema air conditioner kubva mukukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekuchinja-chinja kwevoltage.

- MCB inogadziriswa yemagetsi: Gadzirisa kukosha kwemagetsi kwakarongwa kuburikidza nekiyi, yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu apo magetsi emagetsi anoda kugadziriswa nenzira inochinjika.

2. Kuchinjika kwakasimba kwezvakatipoteredza

MCB inogona kushanda zvakadzikama pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ezvakatipoteredza, inowanzo shandiswa mukati mekupisa kuri pakati pe -5℃ kusvika 40℃ (mhando dzakakosha dzinogona kuwedzerwa kusvika -25℃ kusvika 70℃), ine hunyoro hwe ≤95% (isina kunyorova), uye inogona kuchinjika nemamiriro ekunze enzvimbo dzakasiyana. Panguva imwe chete, chimiro chayo chemukati chine kugona kwakati kwekudzivirira kudedera nekuvhunduka, uye inogona kushanda zvakavimbika munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri kana mota dzekutakura (dzakadai sengarava nemotokari dzekuvaraidza) dzine kudedera kudiki.

Kusiyana kubva kune mamwe macircuit breakers:

MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker): Inonyanya kushandiswa kudzivirira circuit ine low current (kazhinji isingasviki 100 amperes).

MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker): Inoshandiswa kudzivirira macircuit ane ma currents akakwira (anowanzo pfuura 100 amperes) uye yakakodzera michina mikuru uye masisitimu ekugovera magetsi.

RCBO (Leakage Circuit Breaker): Inosanganisa mabasa ekudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo yakawanda uye ekudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo, uye inogona kudzivirira dunhu panguva imwe chete kubva pakuzara kwemhepo, kupfupika kwemhepo uye kubuda kwemvura.